
Basics
My additional way



<Index>
|
Equipments
Tools
- Enlarger
It is the highest cost
in darkroom tools. but It is necessary to enlargement printing.
- Enlargement lens
50mm lens from 135 size
film, 80mm lens from 6x6 size negative, it is standard.
- Easel mask
It is for holding paper.
- Focusing rupe
It is for focusing image
on paper.
-
Enlarger timer
It is for controlling
exposure time.
-
Tray
Four are necessary, for
filling with developer, stop bath, fixer, and washing water.
You must distinguish between for developer and for others.
-
Tweezers
Made of plastic, steel
or bamboo for holding paper during wet processing. Same pieces as
trays are necessary and you must distinguish too.
-
a few measure cup.
It is for measuring with
each solutions.
-
Thermometer
-
Darkroom clock
-
Sponge
"For photography"
is best.
- Safety light
- AND DARKROOM
Processing Chemicals
- Developer
For example, Dektol(Kodak)
- Stop bath solution
1.5% acetic acid solution.
- Fixer
Contains with thioanmoniumsulfide,
Kodak rapid fixer and Fuji super fujifix, are better. You
must distinguish for film and for paper.
Photographic
paper
- RC paper
Resin-coated
paper. Washing time is shorter. But deepest area density
is weak compare with FB papers. Kodak
polymax RC, Fuji bromide WP, Oriental RP, etc.
- FB paper
Fiber-based paper.
The washing time is needed long and the drying is difficult compare
with RC paper, because its surface is not coated. But, you obtain prints
that have deepest black. It is very beautiful. Kodak
elite fine-art, Oriental new seagull G, Ilford multigrade FB, etc.
If you want to know more detail,
click here
<Front>
Contact printing
"Contact print" is
the print that is exposured to put negatives directly on a paper.
You can confirm the images on negatives.
Goodies
- Enlarger or light source.
- Non-reflection glass board
or the contact printer.
- RC
paper.
- ...and processing chemicals.
Process
1. Prepare developer, stop
bath, and fixer in tray, and control a solution temperature to 20 C
(68 F)
2. Put a newspaper or a magazine
on horizontal board (not use enlarger only).
Below process under
safe light lighting!!
3. Take out a paper from
the package, and put on the newspaper or magazine, or set on the
contact printer, the emulsion surface is upper.
4. Put negatives on this
paper, film base side is upper.
5. Put glass board on these.
6. Turn on the enlarger
lamp or the light source with red filter to confirm lighting for
all area of the paper.
7. Take off the red filter
and start exposing.
8. Remove the glass and
the negatives on the paper.
9. Insert
the paper to developer's tray and start timer.
10. This process continue
90 seconds with stirring.
11. About 5 seconds before
90 seconds, pick out the paper and insert to stop bath. This part
is for 5 to 20 seconds.
12. Pick out the paper and
insert to fixer's tray. The fixing time are for 2 to 3 minutes (rapid
type) with stirring.
13. When the fixing time
is finished, pick out the paper and start washing.
- You can turn on the
light from here.
14. Insert the paper
to the tray for washing, start washing about 5 minutes to use running
water
15. Wipe drops from
the surface of the paper, then drying.
*Choosing exposure time is
described in the next part.
<Front>
Enlargement
printing
The larger print size is more
beautiful than the small print. Let try enlarging!!
8x10 and 11x14 are popular.
Goodies
Process
1. Attach a enlargement lens
to a enlarger.
- You must confirm that
no dust is being on the surface of lens. If dusts are
being on the lens surface, remove it for blower.
2. Set a negative to negative
career of the enlarger.
- You must confirm that
no dust is being on the surface of a negative. If dusts
are being on the negative, remove it for blower, too.
3. Prepare developer, stop
bath, and fixer in tray, and control a solution temperature to 20
C (68 F).
Below process under
safe light lighting!!
4. Set a selective toggle
of the enlargement timer to "FOCUS", you can project the
image onto the easel mask on the baseboard of the enlarger.
Next, adjust the image size and focus for focusing rupe.
- Set aperture of the
lens to a few steps from small number step on the aperture ring.
If small number
is F2.8, F5.6 to F8.0. If it is F5.6, F11 to F16.
5. Set a selective toggle
of the enlargement timer to "TIMER(OFF)".
6. Take out a paper from
the package and set to the easel mask.
7. Select
exposure time
- Use
a small piece of photographic paper, between one-eighth and
a quarter of 8x10 size. Set it to the easel mask,
cover the paper with no-light-through things as board except
a part of it. Then, expose it for one to three seconds.
Next, slide the covering thing to decrease the covered
area, and expose again.
Covered area is none, start development process as same process
of contact printing. As a
result, you can obtain a step print (as the right image). You
can choose a proper exposure time referring this step print.
8. Set proper exposure
time to the timer.
9. Expose the image to
the paper to turn on the exposing switch of the timer, and start
wet processing.(see the contact print part)
<Front>
|